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In conclusion AXL overexpression preexisted in a subgroup of
2023-11-30
In conclusion, AXL overexpression preexisted in a subgroup of treatment-naive lung adenocarcinoma specimens harboring an activating EGFR mutation or in those with wild-type EGFR. Anti-AXL therapeutics delivered up front in combination with the EGFR inhibitor might overcome intrinsic or acquired resi
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As summarized in Fig autophagy up regulation in terms
2023-11-30
As summarized in Fig. 1, autophagy up-regulation in terms of Beclin 1 induction, increase of LC3 II and p62 down-regulation were observed between 24 and 72 h of cell incubation, this coinciding with the end of the period 27-OH caused slight reduction of cell viability and proliferation as previously
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The original Aurora kinase was identified
2023-11-30
The original Aurora kinase was identified during a phenotypic screen for defects in mitotic spindles in Drosophila mutants. Aurora mutants were so named because of the morphological defects at the mitotic spindle resembling the Aurora borealis, or the Northern light [4]. The structure of the Auroras
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The analysis of the profile of protein phosphorylation
2023-11-30
The analysis of the profile of protein phosphorylation in MMS-treated CHIR-124 confirmed that both the ATM and ATR pathways were activated in S-phase blocked cells. Interestingly, phosphorylation of Chk1 was observed 24h after MMS-treatment both in AT- and ATM-inhibited cells, whilst in the absence
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Functional implications notwithstanding the intermolecular
2023-11-30
Functional implications notwithstanding, the intermolecular contact appears to shield the Y361 side chain (Fig. 3) from being accessible for regulation by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation as has been proposed [18,19]. It is, therefore, likely that Src kinase and PTP1B phosphatase bind to an AROM mo
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Apoptosis a major process of programmed
2023-11-30
Apoptosis, a major process of programmed cell death, and in response to many chemopreventive agents (Jeyamohan et al., 2016). In general, two major signaling pathways control apoptosis, namely, a pathway mediated by cell death receptor and a pathway mediated by mitochondrion, and possible drug targe
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Florfenicol AP plays a pivotal role in transcriptional regul
2023-11-30
AP-1 plays a pivotal role in transcriptional regulation of MMP expression. The decoy technique allows the neutralization of AP-1 without any transfection reagents for cellular uptake that cause potential side effects or immune reactions. This energy-dependent transport mechanism of “naked” dODN is c
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In Antirrhinum floral organ identity genes include DEFICIENS
2023-11-30
In Antirrhinum, floral organ identity genes include DEFICIENS (DEF) (Sommer et al., 1990) and GLOBOSA (GLO) (Trobner et al., 1992) required for petal and stamen identity (B-function), PLENA (P) required for stamen and carpel formation (C-function) (Bradley et al., 1993) and SQUAMOSA (SQUA) which is
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br Conclusion br Competing interests br Funding The Bolger P
2023-11-30
Conclusion Competing interests Funding The Bolger Prostate Cancer Research Fund (no grant number), the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (1-R01-GM58553, G. B. Bolger, principal investigator), and the National Cancer Institute of the NIH to t
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Recent studies have supported the existence of an inward
2023-11-29
Recent studies have supported the existence of an inward RAS regulatory mechanism in which AT1 receptors downregulate angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and subsequently impair angiotensin-(1-7) generation and MAS functionality (Jessup et al., 2006, Gallagher et al., 2008, Xia et al., 2009, Pern
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Pacritinib In the present study a
2023-11-29
In the present study, a splice acceptor site mutation (c.1769-1G > C) was identified in AR gene from patients with CAIS. The c.1769-1G > C mutation results in replacement of the normal sequence (CAG/G) with a new sequence (CAC/G) at the splice acceptor site of intron 2. In the splice acceptor site
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Recently Kamoshita et al evaluated a mouse
2023-11-29
Recently, Kamoshita et al. (2016) evaluated a mouse model of retinal neuronal disturbance with the intraperitoneal injection of LPS and found that treatment with AICAR suppressed the reduction of conical function and decreased mRNA levels of TNF-α as well as improved mRNA levels of the mitochondrial
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Interestingly metabolic dysfunction is also observed
2023-11-29
Interestingly, metabolic dysfunction is also observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Patients and mouse models of familial ALS exhibit higher levels of resting c75 expenditure and lower fat-free mass, indicating a hypermetabolic phenotype. Lim et al. (2012) found that reducing AMPK activit
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Ala a branched chain amino acid has been
2023-11-29
Ala, a branched chain amino acid, has been reported to play a functional role in intracellular pH regulation, and it typically accumulates in response to various stresses (Limami et al., 2008, Rocha et al., 2010). Our data demonstrated that increasing Cd concentrations at lower Cd doses resulted in
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Sarpogrelate hydrochloride Adenosine is an endogenous nucleo
2023-11-29
Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside that plays pivotal roles in different physiological and pathophysiological processes by triggering specific cell-surface receptors both in the Sarpogrelate hydrochloride and in the periphery. The adenosine receptors (ARs) are four different subtypes of G protein
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