• br Experimental Procedures br Author Contributions br Acknow

  2021-08-30

  

  Experimental Procedures Author Contributions Acknowledgments Introduction Germinal centers (GCs) form in secondary lymphoid organs of vertebrates in response to challenge with T-cell-dependent antigens. After extrafollicular and follicular interactions with cognate antigen and T helper c

• br Conflicts of interest br Acknowledgements

  2021-08-30

  

  Conflicts of interest Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation No 31003A-179400 to AO. We thank Dr. Thierry Langer, University of Vienna and Inte:Ligand GmbH, for providing the LigandScout Software, and Dr. Daniela Schuster, Paracelsus Medical Universit

• Over the past decade targeting

  2021-08-30

  

  Over the past decade, targeting DNA repair proteins has emerged as an effective tool to enhance chemosensitivity of malignant cells [9]. However, identification and selection of the proper target of DNA repair pathways is critical to increase cytotoxic activity of chemotherapeutic agents in cancer c

• br DAG kinase activity is confined

  2021-08-30

  

  DAG kinase activity is confined to specific cell compartments A number of reports demonstrating agonist-dependent translocation of DGKs to distinct membrane compartments suggest that DGK activity is restricted to localized DAG pools generated after activation of receptors. Perhaps the best eviden

• Moreover maintaining the pyrimidine pool is not

  2021-08-30

  

  Moreover, maintaining the pyrimidine pool is not the only important role played by DHODHs. In Toxoplasma gondii, for instance, DHODH plays a second essential function [38] possibly coupled to the mitochondrial respiratory activity, where it replenishes ubiquinol levels and prevents reactive oxygen s

• br DDR receptor and MMP expression Type II collagen

  2021-08-28

  

  DDR2 receptor and MMP-13 expression Type II collagen protein in articular cartilage is highly stable structure as its half-life is 117 years [43]. The chondrocytes have limited ability to synthesis type II collagen protein in the matrix of mature articular cartilage once the collagen gets disrupt

• Acknowledgment This work was supported by the

  2021-08-28

  

  Acknowledgment This work was supported by the Swedish Research Council, the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the Göran Gustafsson Foundation, the Swedish Pain Relief Foundation, the Torsten Söderbergs Stiftelse, the Swedish Children's Cancer Foundation, and the Swedish Cancer Society. The h

• The IP R is a ubiquitously expressed

  2021-08-28

  

  The IP3R is a ubiquitously expressed Ca2+-release channel from the ER, activated by IP3, produced upon cellular stimulation by hormones, growth factors or neurotransmitters. Three genes are coding for the IP3R and their gene products (IP3R1, IP3R2, IP3R3) assemble in functional homo- or heterotetram

• Cysteinyl leukotrienes CysLTs are potent inflammatory mediat

  2021-08-28

  

  Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are potent inflammatory mediators closely associated with cerebral ischemic injury. CysLTs induce inflammatory responses mediated by at least two different CysLT receptors (CysLT1R and CysLT2R) (Bäck et al., 2011, Singh et al., 2010). It has been reported that the Cys

• br P Y receptor structure br Pharmacology Several

  2021-08-28

  

  P2Y receptor structure Pharmacology Several subtype selective compounds have been developed in recent years (Jacobson and Müller, 2016; Rafehi and Müller, 2018). These compounds are helpful tools for analyzing the roles of P2Y receptor subtypes in physiology and pathophysiology. The present ar

• AON successfully alleviated the myotonic phenotype in DM mod

  2021-08-28

  

  AON successfully alleviated the myotonic phenotype in DM model mice [18], [23]. To screen for an optimal AON sequence, we used 25-mer phosphorothioate 2′ O-methyl RNA molecules that covered the exon 6B or exon 7A. Unexpectedly, AON 7A (+63−8) which covers the boundary of intron 7A and exon 7A enhanc

• In this study we further investigate

  2021-08-28

  

  In this study, we further investigate how STAT3 integrate to the core regulatory circuit in ESC pluripotency and differentiation, and identify Mettl8 as a downstream target of STAT3 in mESCs. We discover the role of METTL8 as a negative regulator of JNK signaling in stem cells. Our results provide i

• br Discussion br Conflicts of interest br

  2021-08-28

  

  Discussion Conflicts of interest Acknowledgment Introduction Ewing's sarcoma (EWS) is a bone cancer arising mostly in children. In 1921, EWS was originally described as “diffuse endothelioma of bone” by Dr. James R. Ewing, an American pathologist [1]. In 1992, Ewing sarcoma breakpoint r

• Fujimoto et al pointed out that RPN knockout alleviated the

  2021-08-28

  

  Fujimoto et al. pointed out that RPN2 knockout alleviated the resistance of GC CVT-313 australia (MKN74 and KATO III) to docetaxel and DDP [23]. Yuan et al. demonstrated that the depletion of RPN2 resulted in the reduction in resistance of GC cells to drugs such as irinotecan, docetaxel, doxorubicin

• polycomb repressive complex br Non cyclic nucleotide EPAC re

  2021-08-28

  

  Non-cyclic nucleotide EPAC regulators Despite the success of 007 as a tool molecule, few studies to date have led to the identification of further EPAC-selective agonists. The most studied and controversial group of small-molecule EPAC regulators are the sulfonylurea (SU) family. SUs (Table 1) su

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